metal nanoparticle formation / excitation energy / chemical transport models / chemical transport / nuclear magnetic resonance noble metal / chemical vapor deposition / liquefied petroleum gas / electron energy loss spectroscopy / liquefied petroleum gas luminescence / vascular systems / high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy / interstellar gas / free energy / chemical composition / magnetic resonance imaging / environmental applications / aerosol mass spectroscopy anisotropy energy density / environmental systems / /