household energy demand / energy use habits / increase energy security / finance trap / Energy security / energy imports / conceptual domestic household energy demand model accounting / energy uses / energy alternatives / energy projects / preferred technology / energy sources / decentralized markets / energy use / energy supply mixes / energy supply / public utilities / energy mix / innovation systems / heuristic device / energy options / electricity reliability / energy / energy policies / particular energy choices / conceptual domestic household energy demand model / energy support / energy resources / energy source / energy technology performance / electricity / energy access / energy substitution possibilities / preferred energy source / energy statistics / energy access policies / main energy source / energy efficiency / energy ladder / solar energy / less carbon intensive energy sources / energy services / past energy programmes / energy technologies / /
Organization
VU University / Dutch government / Dutch Ministry of Development Cooperation / Department of Environment and Water / Department of Research and Communication / IVM Institute for Environmental Studies VU University De Boelelaan / IVM Institute for Environmental Studies Greening / World Bank / Institute for Environmental Studies All / Institute for Environmental Studies / IVM Institute for Environmental Studies / /
Person
Woo / Roy Brouwer / Chao / Jos Bruggink / Pieter van Beukering / Raouf Saidi / / /
Position
shopkeeper / researcher / official development aid / /
PublishedMedium
the Energy Journal / /
Region
sub-Saharan Africa / Eastern Africa / /
Technology
preferred technologies / energy technologies / dominating energy technologies / cell phones / preferred technology / /
Greening the African energy ladder The role of national policies and international aid Pieter van Beukering, Jos Bruggink, Roy Brouwer, Frans Berkhout, Raouf Saidi 17 July 2009