Anglo American Plc / Sudbury / Norilsk Nickel Mining & Metallurgical Company Russia / Antofagasta Plc / Glencore International AG / Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc. / BHP Billiton Group Xstrata Rio Tinto Grupo Mexico SA de CV / JX Nippon Mining & Metals Corp. / KGHM Polska Miedz SA / Vedanta Resources Plc. Company / Mitsubishi Materials Corp. / London Metal Exchange / Aurubis Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc. / Xstrata Grupo Mexico SA de CV / /
Continent
Asia / Europe / South America / /
Country
Switzerland / Germany / Mexico / South Africa / Chile / Poland / Japan / United States / Australia / United Kingdom / /
Facility
University of Westminster / University of Dundee / Refinery Production / Mine Production / Fraunhofer Institute / /
IndustryTerm
open pit mining / transportation / autoclave technologies / soluble metal compounds / electrolyte solution / organic chemicals / end product / natural gas / copper metal / industrial and high tech applications / marketable product / metal sulfides / fuel cell technology / copper mining / aqueous solution / intermediate product / copper metal plates / manufacturing process / mineral processing method / metal / by-products / actual metal content / acidic solution / copper bearing solutions / mineral processing plant / electricity / saleable by-product / end-of-life products / open pit mining operations / underground mining / ore processing / regular chemical oxidation / Mineral processing / insoluble metal sulfides / metal compounds / /
NaturalFeature
Country/Region USA Andes Mountains / Andes mountain / Rocky mountain / /
Organization
Centre National / Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research / Centre for Energy / Petroleum and Mineral Law / Federal Government / Centre for Strategic Studies / Gulf Research Centre Foundation / University of Dundee / University of Westminster / /
Person
Enrico Mattei / Corporacion Nacional del Cobre / Characteristics Copper / /
POLINARES is a project designed to help identify the main global challenges