nanofiltration systems / metal-plating industry / hot-water systems / distillation equipment / energy costs / energy-efficient equipment / while increasing chemicals / water-treatment equipment / water-using equipment / fire services / Open-loop systems / chemical cost / larger water technologies / closed-loop steam systems / metal-finishing industry / chemicals costs / timed flushing systems / closed-loop systems / softener-recharge systems / energy / chemical and plating solution make-up / /