Germany / Sweden / France / Japan / United States / United Kingdom / Denmark / / /
Facility
Competence building / Aalborg University / building Bengt-Åke Lundvall∗ / / /
IndustryTerm
collective solutions / formalised technology / incentive systems / technology policy / life cycle perspective on national systems / sector producing machinery / production systems / immediate solution / corporate law / analytical tools / machinery / machine tools / corporate innovation systems / growth and low-growth products / finance / innovation systems / concrete national systems / low-technology / well-functioning machinery sectors / low technology sectors / technology centres / possible solution / technology centre / less specialised innovation systems / preliminary solutions / process equipment / high technology products / process algorithm / sectoral innovation systems / technological systems / low technology areas / sectoral systems / marketed products / /
Organization
Swedish government / Bent Dalum Department of Business Studies / International Monetary Fund / Aalborg University / Innovation Authority / OECD / World Bank / European Commission / US Academy of Science / UNCTAD / /
Person
Chris Freeman / Dick Nelson / Franco Malerba / Christopher Freeman / Friedrich List / Breschi / Adam Smith / Keith Pavitt / Gunnar Myrdal / Ostry / Pari Patel / / /
Position
minister / liberal economist / producer / Corresponding author / Porter / forward / /
Region
Scandinavia / Nordic countries / Latin America / /
Research Policy–231 National systems of production, innovation and competence building Bengt-Åke Lundvall∗ , Björn Johnson, Esben Sloth Andersen, Bent Dalum Department of Business Studies, Aalborg Un