Institute of Social / Kyushu University / The Institute of Social / Osaka University / Economic Research Osaka University / Osaka University of Economics Noriaki Matsushima† Institute / /
IndustryTerm
cost-reducing technology / airline industry / commitment device / retail industry / produce product / cost-reducing technologies / /
Organization
Japanese Ministry of Education / University of Economics / Kagoshima University / Institute of Social and Economic Research / Kyushu University / Faculty of Economics / Institute of Social / oligopoly∗ Akio Kawasaki Faculty of Education / Osaka University / /
Person
Ming Hsin Lin / Nobuaki Hori / Noriaki Matsushima / /
Position
standard model of strategic R&D / Corresponding author / /