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| | BENJAMIN MICHAUDEL INSTITUT FRANÇAIS DU PROCHE ORIENT, DAMASCUS The Use of Fortification as a Political Instrument by the Ayyubids and the Mamluks in Bila≠d al-Sha≠m and in Egypt (TwelfthThirteenth Centuries) INTRODAdd to Reading ListSource URL: mamluk.uchicago.eduDownload Document from Source Website File Size: 474,56 KBShare Document on Facebook
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