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Sociology / Economic indicators / Ecology / Philosophy of biology / Biodiversity / Africa / Culture / Atlantic slave trade / Multiculturalism / Sociology of culture / Statistics / Economics


ECOLOGY, TRADE AND STATES IN PRE-COLONIAL AFRICA JAMES FENSKE† A BSTRACT. I test Bates’ view that trade across ecological divides promoted the development of states in pre-colonial Africa. My main result is that sub-
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Document Date: 2012-09-26 08:00:04

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Tripoli / Austin / Muscat / Benghazi / Salvador / Kingston / Victoria / Algiers / Havana / Suakin / Mussawa / Tunis / Cairo / Chire / Djibouti / Lukaga / /

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Africa / Europe / Americas / /

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Mauritius / Niger / Haiti / Dominica / Sudan / Egypt / Congo / Martinique / Guyana / Djibouti / Madagascar / Israel / Ethiopia / /

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Facility

Tel Aviv University / University of Oxford / University of East Anglia / Hebrew University / /

NaturalFeature

Ethiopian highlands / Nigerian Plateau / Sahara desert / Guinea Coast / Niger river / Lake Victoria / Zambezi river / Nile river / Ubangi river / White Nile river / Orange river / Nile / Indian Ocean / /

Organization

Climate Research Unit / University of Oxford / United Nations / US Federal Reserve / Tel Aviv University / Hebrew University / University of East Anglia / /

Person

Nathan Nunn / Aloysius Siow / Elias Papaioannou / JAMES FENSKE / Christopher Udry / Prashant Bharadwaj / Namrata Kala / Timothy Guinnane / Robert Bates / J. Patrick Gray http / /

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model / /

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Virginia / /

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Western Sudan / Eastern Sudan / sub-Saharan Africa / West Africa / Indian Ocean / French West Africa / /

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http / /

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