energy levels / by-product / energy conservation / self-energy / theoretical tools / high-energy virtual photons / Self-organizing systems / forbidden energy gap / important technological applications / lattice site / optical systems / indexcontrast systems / lower energy state / chemical reaction / optical energy / phase-sensitive optical memory device / chemical / quantum electronic devices / memory device / light-emitting devices / energy shifts / energy / /
OperatingSystem
Fermi / /
Organization
Federal Communications Commission / Department of Physics / Mesfin Woldeyohannes and Sajeev John Department of Physics / University of Toronto / /
INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS PUBLISHING JOURNAL OF OPTICS B: QUANTUM AND SEMICLASSICAL OPTICS J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt[removed]R43–R82